Application of Numerical Methods for Crashworthiness Investigation of a Large Aircraft Wing Impact with a Tree
##semicolon##
Full scale modeling##common.commaListSeparator## Finite Element Method##common.commaListSeparator## crashworthiness##common.commaListSeparator## nonlinear wood model##common.commaListSeparator## Mat 143##common.commaListSeparator## Johnson-Cook material model##common.commaListSeparator## fluid dynamics##common.commaListSeparator## aircraft##common.commaListSeparator## wing##common.commaListSeparator## tree摘要
This paper demonstrates the application of a numerical methodology for a full-scale aircraft impact crashworthiness investigation. We studied the impact of an aircraft wing with a tree using LS-DYNA and ANSYS CFX. In particular, a detailed finite element model of the wing structure was represented as a box structure containing skin, spars and ribs, and fuel was represented as a distributed mass. We utilized several material models and verified them using leading-edge bird strike and wood bending experiments. Wood model Mat143 with material parameters developed based on the wood bending test was found to be the most accurate in comparison with the experiment. We used the commercially available Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) software of ANSYS CFX to calculate the aerodynamic pressure distribution on the overall surface of the wing. The algorithm utilized the full three-dimensional Navier-Stokes equations for steady-state compressible fluid. LS-DYNA finite element model included aerodynamic pressures on the wings surfaces. Parametric studies showed that the tree model cannot destroy the lifting surface of the wing except the fragment of the leading edge. In every simulation scenario, the first spar of the wing cut through the tree and the upper part of the tree fell in the direction of the movement of the airplane.
##submission.citations##
[1] Abboud, N., M. Levy, D. Tennant, J. Mould, H. Levine, S. King, C. Ekwueme, A. Jain, and G. Hart. 2003. Anatomy of a disaster: A structural investigation of the World Trade Center collapses. ASCE 3rd Forensic Congress, San Diego, California.
[2] Andryukhin, W.A., W.W. Efimov and N.B. Behtina. 2003. Construction and Strength of Airplanes. Ministry of Transportation of Russian Federation. Moscow State Technical University of Civil Aviation. Moscow. http://storage.mstuca.ru/bitstream/123456789/1349/1/ .doc
[3] ANSYS, Inc. 2010. ANSYS CFX-Solver Theory Guide, Release 13.0 Canonsburg, Pennsylvania. http://www1.ansys.com/customer/content/documentation/130/cfx thry.pdf
[4] Bazant, Z.P., and Y. Zhou. 2002. Why did the World Trade Center collapse? Simple analysis. Journal of Engineering Mechanical. 128(1): 2-6.
[5] Bocchieri R.T., R.M. MacNeill, C.N. Northrup, and D.S. Dierdorf. 2012. Crash simulation of transport aircraft for predicting fuel release: First phase-simulation of the Lockheed Constellation model L-1649 full-scale crash test. DOT/FAA/TC-12/43. US Department of Transportation, Federal Aviation Administration, Atlantic City International Airport, New Jersey.
[6] Boeing 737-800 structural repair manual.
[7] Buchar, J., S. Rolc, J. Lisy, and J. Schwengmeier. 2001. Model of the wood response to the high velocity of loading. Proceedings of the 19th International Symposium of Ballistics, Interlaken, Switzerland. http://www.mif.pg.gda.pl/kft/Akron1/wood%20model%20orthtropical%20elastic.pdf
[8] Buyuk, M., S. Kan, and M. Loikkanen. 2009. Explicit finite-element analysis of 2012-T3/T351 aluminum material under impact loading for airplane engine containment and fragment shielding. Journal of Aerospace Engineering 22(3): 287-295.
[9] Cieszewski, C.J., F. Antony, P. Bettinger, J. Dahlen, R.C. Lowe, and M. Strub. 2013. Wood quality assessment of tree trunk from the tree branch sample and auxiliary data based on NIR Spectroscopy and SilviScan. Math. Comput. For. Nat.-Res. Sci. 5(1): 86–111. Available online at: http://mcfns.com/index.php. Last accessed online on Mar. 30, 2013.
[10] Cleary, P.W., M. Prakash, J. Ha, and N. Stokes. 2007. Smooth particle hydrodynamics: Status and future potential. Progress in Computational Fluid Dynamics, an International Journal, 7(2): 70-90.
[11] Final report from the examination of the aviation accident no 192/2010/11 involving the Tu-154M airplane, tail number 101, which occurred on April 10, 2010 in the area of the SMOLENSK NORTH airfield. Committee for Investigation of National Aviation Accidents, Warsaw, Poland. http://mswia.datacenter-poland.pl/FinalReportTu-154M.pdf
[12] Forest Products Laboratory 2010. Wood Handbook, Wood as an Engineering Material General Technical Report FPL-GTR-190. United States Department of Agriculture Forest Service Madison, Wisconsin
[13] Lavoie, M.A., A. Gakwaya, and M.N. Ensan. 2008 Application of the SPH Method for Simulation of Aerospace Structures under Impact Loading. Proceedings of the 10th International LSDYNA Users Conference, Dearborn, Michigan
[14] McCarthy, M.A., J.R. Xiao, C.T. McCarthy, A. Kamoulakos, J. Ramos, J.P. Gallard, and V. Melito. 2004. Modelling of bird strike on an aircraft wing leading edge made from fibre metal laminates – Part 2: Modelling of impact with SPH bird model. Applied Composite Materials, 11(5): 317-340.
[15] Morka, A., T. Niezgoda, P. Dziewulski, and S. Stanislawek. 2012. Problems of numerical modeling of collision of bodies. Smolensk Conference, Warsaw, Poland.
[16] Murray Y, J. Reid, R. Faller, B. Bielenberg and T. Paulsen. 2005. Evaluation of LS-DYNA wood material model 143. FHWA-HRT-04-096. US Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, McLean, Virginia
[17] Patankar, S.V., and D.B. Spalding. 1972. A calculation procedure of heat, mass and momentum transfer in three-dimensional parabolic flow. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer 15(10): 1787-1806.
[18] Patankar, S.V. 1980. Numerical Heat Transfer and Fluid Flow. McGraw-Hill. New York.
[19] Van Doormaal, J.P., and G.D. Raithby. 1984. Enhancement of the SIMPLE method for predicting incompressible fluid flows. Numerical Heat Transfer. 7(2): 147-163.
[20] Virtual aircraft design: Part 4 wing (In Russian) http://cnit.ssau.ru/virt lab/krilo/index.htm
[21] Wierzbicki, T., and X. Teng. 2003. How the airplane wing cut through the exterior columns of the World Trade Center. International Journal of Impact Engineering. 28(6): 601–625.
[22] Wierzbicki, T., L. Xue, and M. Hendry-Brogan. 2002. Aircraft impact damage. In E. Kausel, (Ed.) The Towers Lost and Beyond (pp. 31-64). Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts. http://web.mit.edu/civenv/wtc/Towers%20Lost%20&%20Beyond.pdf
[23] Xue, L., L. Zheng, and T. Wierzbicki. 2003. Interactive failure in high velocity impact of two box beams. ASME 2003 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition, Washington, DC, USA.
[24] Zhao MY., and J. Li. 2011. Efficiency metallic leading edge structure bird strike resistance design Advanced Materials Research 338(84):84-89.
下載
出版日期
期號
分類
授權條款
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:- Authors grant the journal right of first publication, with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) following the publication by the journal, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
